Spinoza demonstrates that a single infinite substance (Deus sive Natura) can be both the immanent cause and the ordered expression of all motion without requiring a transcendent external source.

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Deus sive Natura(as Spinoza's name for the divine principle): A Latin phrase meaning 'God or Nature'—Spinoza's idea that God and the natural world are identical rather than separate.
Immanent cause(in contrast to external causation): A cause that works from within something, rather than from outside it—like how a tree's own nature causes it to grow, rather than some outside force pushing it.
Spinoza: Baruch Spinoza was a 17th-century Dutch philosopher who argued that God and nature are the same thing, and that everything in the universe is interconnected as one unified whole. He believed that understanding how things work through reason and logic—rather than through emotion or superstition—leads to happiness and freedom. His ideas were revolutionary for his time and continue to influence modern philosophy, theology, and how we think about the relationship between mind and body.
infinite substance(Ethics 1D8 and 1P13; distinguished from merely finite or conditionally infinite substances)

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