- Absolutely simple and indivisible(describing the nature of God/substance in Spinoza's system)
- Having no parts, pieces, or complexity—completely unified and cannot be broken down into smaller components.
- God(Classical theism; used to fix the referent of 'G' in the Bayesian formulation)
- An eternal, personal being of maximal power, knowledge, and goodness who created the universe
- Spinoza
- Baruch Spinoza was a 17th-century Dutch philosopher who argued that God and nature are the same thing, and that everything in the universe is interconnected as one unified whole. He believed that understanding how things work through reason and logic—rather than through emotion or superstition—leads to happiness and freedom. His ideas were revolutionary for his time and continue to influence modern philosophy, theology, and how we think about the relationship between mind and body.
- Undivided nature(describing the ultimate unity behind all creation)
- The single, unified source or ground of all existence—something that has no internal separation or division, even though it produces infinite variety.
- attributes(Lowe's four-category ontology)
- A category of universal property that characterizes kinds and is exemplified by objects.
- ethics(Fichte's System of Ethics)
- The philosophical science that provides an a priori deduction of our moral nature in general and of our specific duties as human beings.
- modes(Spinoza's ontology distinguishing substance, attributes, and modes)
- Modifications of substance under an attribute; what appear to be individuated bodies are modes of substance under the attribute of Extension, not independently existing things
- necessarily produces(describes how human reason automatically generates these ideas)
- Always creates or must create as an unavoidable result—like how heating water necessarily produces steam.