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    Swinburne's argument succeeds only by presupposing divine... — Carmelics
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    Challenges→God's not knowing in advance how we will exercise our freedom is not a mark against his omniscience.

    Swinburne's argument succeeds only by presupposing divine temporality, which is itself a contested theological position, making the defense of omniscience contingent on a separate metaphysical commitment.

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    Key Terms

    Contested(the status of whether this view is correct)
    Disputed or disagreed upon; there's no consensus that it's true.
    Divine temporality(the hidden assumption the critic says Swinburne's argument depends on)
    The idea that God exists within time, experiencing events in sequence like humans do (past, present, future), rather than existing outside of time all at once.
    Metaphysical commitment(describing what accepting an idea requires)
    A belief you're taking on about how reality fundamentally works—what actually exists and what's possible.
    Presupposing(what the externalist secretly assumes in their reasoning)
    To assume something is already true without proving it, usually without realizing you're doing it.
    Swinburne

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    (in philosophy of religion)
    Richard Swinburne, a famous British philosopher who wrote about God, religion, and the problem of evil—he argued that God's existence can be rationally defended despite the existence of evil in the world.
    contingent on(in logic and philosophy)
    Dependent on something else happening first—like saying 'my plan is contingent on whether it rains tomorrow' means my plan only works if that condition is met.
    omniscience(The passage tests omniscience against mathematical undecidability)
    The property of knowing everything; used here to probe whether divine knowledge extends to undecided mathematical propositions.

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    God's not knowing in advance how we will exercise our freedom is not a mark agai...

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