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    Tarski's hierarchy of metalanguages establishes that a co... — Carmelics
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    Supports→A coherent semantics of Russell's formalized language cannot be provided on the basis that values of propositional functions are sentences.

    Tarski's hierarchy of metalanguages establishes that a coherent semantics requires object-language expressions to be named by distinct metalanguage terms, never by co-level expressions.

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    Key Terms

    Hierarchy of metalanguages(Tarski's main contribution)
    A system showing different levels of language, where each level can talk about the level below it—like how English can describe the rules of English, but you need a higher level of English to talk about *that* description.
    Tarski
    Alfred Tarski was a Polish-American logician and mathematician (1901-1983) who made groundbreaking discoveries about how language, logic, and truth work together. He's most famous for developing a mathematical theory of truth that explains how words and sentences relate to the real world—essentially answering the question "what does it mean for something to be true?" His ideas are fundamental to modern logic, computer science, and philosophy because they provided precise tools for understanding language and reasoning.
    co-level expressions(what Tarski says should be avoided)
    Words or statements that exist at the same language level, rather than at different levels in a hierarchy.
    metalanguage(Mathematics and philosophy of mathematics)

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    A language or formal system used to talk about another language or formal system — in this context, the capacity within mathematics to refer to mathematical statements, syntax, proof, and truth.
    object-language(Davidsonian theory of meaning)
    The language to which a theory of meaning applies
    semantics(Distinguished from metasemantics and pragmatics in Kaplan 1989)
    The domain that concerns the facts about what meanings words or phrases have.

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    Truth & Knowledge1 linkedPhilosophy of Language1 linked

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    A coherent semantics of Russell's formalized language cannot be provided on the ...

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