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Inverse View
It is not the case that The claim therefore fails to establish a genuine category of evil beyond the reach of agent-based moral explanation.
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Reasons For
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Reason for
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1.
Systemic injustices can persist and cause harm even when no individual agent consciously intends or chooses them.
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2.
Agent-based explanations often obscure how institutions distribute agency unequally, making some harms structural.
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3.
Natural disasters and diseases cause genuine moral harm that no agent explanation can account for or prevent.
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Reasons Against
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Reason against
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1.
All moral wrongs ultimately reduce to choices or omissions by responsible agents accountable for their actions.
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2.
If evil exists independently of agent behavior, we cannot explain why holding agents responsible is justified.
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3.
Structural or systemic harms are best understood as aggregations of individual decisions, not irreducible phenomena.
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