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    The Curry-Howard correspondence maps proofs to types with... — Carmelics
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    Challenges→The meaning of a formula (the proposition expressed) does not represent a reality distinct from the linguistic system in which the formula occurs

    The Curry-Howard correspondence maps proofs to types within a system, but cannot account for truths that resist formalization within that system, leaving extra-systemic mathematical reality intact.

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    Key Terms

    Curry-Howard correspondence(Deepened by Howard (1969) to include the correspondence between terms in type ascriptions and proofs)
    A correspondence between provable formulae in sequent calculus and type ascriptions, and between proof terms and proofs of corresponding formulae, linking proof theory and type theory
    Extra-systemic(as used in logic and philosophy of mathematics)
    Something that exists outside or beyond the boundaries of a particular formal system; it can't be captured or proven using that system's rules.
    Formal system(as used in logic and mathematics)
    A set of rules and symbols (like mathematical axioms) that you use to prove whether statements are true or false, similar to how a chess game has specific rules that determine what moves are legal.
    Formalization(describing what Frege did with existence)
    The process of taking an idea and expressing it precisely using logical symbols and strict rules, like translating messy everyday language into mathematical logic.

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    proof(Frege's formal system; the definition still used by logicians today)
    Any finite sequence of statements such that each statement is either an axiom of the formal system or follows from previous members of the sequence by a valid rule of inference.
    type(Epistemic type spaces in multi-agent belief systems)
    A structured object of the form ⟨f₀, f₁, …⟩ containing some fₙ for every natural number n, used to represent an agent's full hierarchy of informational attitudes.

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    Truth & Knowledge1 linkedPhilosophy of Language1 linked

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    The meaning of a formula (the proposition expressed) does not represent a realit...

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