Say that an entity makes true (or is a truthmaker for) a sentence or theory if the existence of that entity is, in some sense, sufficient for the truth of the sentence or theory. (It is left open for now just how to understand this notion of sufficiency.) In some cases, truthmakers are easy to come by. For example, the sentence ‘Socrates exists’ has Socrates as a truthmaker (assuming, at any rate, that Socrates has real existence; see §3.2 below). The sentence ‘Elephants exist’ has multiple trut