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It is not the case that The fact that ideal utilitarianism entails breaking a promise in the initial case is not a decisive objection against ideal utilitarianism
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Reasons For
2 perspectives
Reason for 1 of 2
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1.
Promissory obligations derive their moral force precisely from their resistance to aggregative override, as Scanlon's contractualism demonstrates.
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2.
A theory that permits breaking promises whenever net good is maximized cannot adequately explain why promises generate special obligations at all.
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3.
If ideal utilitarianism dissolves the distinctive normative force of promising, then promise-breaking cases are not mere counterexamples but structural refutations.
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Reason for 2 of 2
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1.
Ross's particularism holds that moral intuitions in specific cases carry irreducible evidential weight that systematic theories cannot simply override.
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2.
The intuition that one must keep this promise is not merely a data point to be outweighed by theoretical elegance but constitutes direct moral evidence.
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Reasons Against
1 perspective
Reason against
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1.
Ross's revised view may require revision to common-sense morality
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2.
The difference between Ross's revisions and ideal utilitarianism's revisions to common-sense morality is very thin
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3.
Ideal utilitarianism aligns with common-sense morality in many other important cases
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