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    The inference from 'all cognition is mediated' to 'all co... — Carmelics
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    Challenges→Human cognition cannot access things as they are in themselves, regardless of the number or type of sense faculties possessed.

    The inference from 'all cognition is mediated' to 'all cognition yields only phenomenal knowledge' presupposes a representationalist model of perception that direct realism rejects.

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    Key Terms

    Direct Realism
    The view that we can directly perceive ordinary objects
    Mediated(as describing how we don't directly experience the past)
    Not directly accessed, but instead experienced through something else that comes in between; like watching a live event through a camera rather than being there in person.
    Phenomenal knowledge(epistemology (theory of knowledge))
    Knowledge about what it's like to experience something—like what it feels like to taste chocolate or see the color red—based on actually experiencing it yourself.
    Presupposes(as describing what Plantinga's argument takes for granted)
    Assumes something to be true without proving it—like how an argument might presuppose that logic works, without first arguing that logic is valid.
    Representationalism(Philosophy of mind; color experience)

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    The view that the phenomenal character of experience supervenes on (or is determined by) representational properties
    cognition(Interpretation of Kant's use of 'cognition' (Erkenntnis) as pertaining to meaning/intelligibility rather than merely knowledge)
    A semantic notion (on the interpretation described)
    inference(Nyāya epistemology)
    A component of epistemology in Nyāya philosophy; a veritable inference yields knowledge about the world and must have premises that are themselves known
    knowledge(Distinguished from mere true belief, which may be the product of indoctrination and need not exercise deliberative capacities.)
    Justified true belief — true belief that has been arrived at through the exercise of deliberative capacities, including comparison of and deliberation among alternatives.

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    Perception1 linkedSkepticism1 linked

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    Human cognition cannot access things as they are in themselves, regardless of th...

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