- Entail(In logical reasoning and argumentation)
- To logically follow or guarantee as a necessary consequence; if something is true, what does it force to also be true?
- context-sensitive(Used to describe terms like 'I' and 'left' whose reference shifts with the context of use.)
- A term whose semantic value or referent varies depending on features of the context of utterance, such as the identity or orientation of the speaker.
- fallacy of division(as used in logic)
- A logical error where you assume that because a whole group has a property, each individual member must have that same property.
- genus(Aristotle's metaphysical classification scheme in the Metaphysics)
- A kind that must be differentiated by some differentia that falls outside that genus.
- inference(Nyāya epistemology)
- A component of epistemology in Nyāya philosophy; a veritable inference yields knowledge about the world and must have premises that are themselves known
- knowledge(Distinguished from mere true belief, which may be the product of indoctrination and need not exercise deliberative capacities.)
- Justified true belief — true belief that has been arrived at through the exercise of deliberative capacities, including comparison of and deliberation among alternatives.
- species(Bacon's multiplicatio specierum theory adapted to epistemology by Crathorn)
- A representative likeness of an external thing, transmitted causally through a medium; in Crathorn's usage, a material mental quality in the mind that has the same nature as the external thing it represents.