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It is not the case that The questions about whether computers understand cannot be settled without a definition of 'understand' that provides a testable criterion.
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Reasons For
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Reason for 1 of 2
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1.
Wittgenstein's family resemblance theory shows that meaningful concept application does not require necessary and sufficient conditions.
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2.
We reliably attribute understanding to other humans without any formal definition or testable criterion for 'understanding'.
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3.
Therefore, the absence of a formal definition does not prevent justified judgments about whether a system understands.
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Reason for 2 of 2
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1.
Hilary Putnam's functionalism holds that mental states are defined by causal-functional roles, not by definitional criteria we consciously possess.
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2.
Scientific inquiry regularly settles questions about unobservable states (electron spin, gene expression) without prior testable definitions of contested terms.
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3.
The question of machine understanding can therefore be investigated empirically and theoretically without first settling a definitional dispute.
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Reasons Against
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Reason against
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1.
Whether Empirical Strong AI is true or false depends on whether computers satisfy the criteria for understanding.
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2.
Without a definition of 'understand' that yields a test, there is no way to judge the hypothesis true or false.
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