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    The rarity of a phenomenon is a statistical feature of it... — Carmelics
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    Challenges→Deductive-nomological metaphysical explanation cannot account for rare or one-off phenomena grounded in mechanisms.

    The rarity of a phenomenon is a statistical feature of its token frequency, not evidence that no law-governed process generated it, preserving DN's explanatory scope even for unique events.

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    Key Terms

    DN (Deductive-Nomological model)(as used in philosophy of science)
    A theory of explanation that says something is explained when you show it must happen based on general laws and specific facts—basically, proving 'this had to occur because of these rules and conditions.'
    Explanatory scope(as used in epistemology and philosophy of science)
    How much ground an explanation covers—in other words, how many different situations or phenomena it can successfully account for or explain.
    Phenomenon(The statement refers to attention and peripheral vision as phenomena we can study.)
    An observable fact or event that we can perceive or experience, as opposed to things we can't directly observe.
    law-governed process(as used in philosophy of science)
    A sequence of events that follows consistent, predictable rules—like gravity always pulling objects down, or chemical reactions always producing the same results under the same conditions.

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    token frequency(as used in statistics and philosophy)
    How many times something actually occurs in real life (as opposed to how common it theoretically could be).
    unique events(as used in philosophy of science)
    One-time occurrences that happen only once and never happen again in exactly the same way.

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    Causation1 linkedModality & Possibility1 linked

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