The tenuous/robust distinction is one of degree, not kind; quantum gravity sits on a continuum of empirical underdetermination shared by classical cosmology and early atomic theory.

?Rate how convincing each reason is below to see the overall strength.

1 reason for

1 reason against

Reasons For

1 perspective

Reason for

1 perspective

Reason against

Based on where you are in your exploration

Classical cosmology(as another example of a scientific field where evidence doesn't fully determine which theory is correct): Traditional scientific theories about the origin, structure, and evolution of the universe, developed before quantum mechanics emerged.
Empirical underdetermination(as used in epistemology and philosophy of science): A situation where observable facts and evidence alone aren't enough to decide between two competing explanations, because both fit the evidence equally well.
Quantum gravity(as the subject being interpreted): A theoretical framework that tries to combine two major physics theories—Einstein's general relativity (which explains gravity) and quantum mechanics (which explains tiny particles)—into one unified system.
Tenuous/robust distinction(in philosophy of science, describing how well evidence supports a theory): A way of categorizing things by how weak or strong they are—tenuous means flimsy or barely there, while robust means solid and well-supported.
continuum(Brentano's philosophical analysis, contrasted with mathematical constructions): An entity characterized by phenomenological and qualitative aspects that resist reduction to discrete elements

2 topics