The theoretical identity 'gold is the element with atomic number 79' is discovered empirically yet holds necessarily, a combination that descriptivism cannot explain without collapsing the a priori/a posteriori distinction.
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(Contrasted with 'revisionism' in art ontological discussions; cf. Dodd 2012)
A position in art ontology that grounds ontological claims in actual artistic and art-critical practices.
discovered empirically(as used in epistemology)
Found out through real-world observation and experiments rather than just thinking about it logically.
holds necessarily(as used in metaphysics and modal logic)
Is always true in all possible situations; it couldn't be otherwise, unlike facts that could have turned out differently.
theoretical identity(Kripkean essentialism; examples include 'water is H2O' and 'gold is the element with atomic number 79')
An identity of the form C = T, where C is a common name for a kind and T is a technical identification of that kind, expressing what that kind fundamentally is