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It is not the case that Therefore, the identity of propositions cannot be grounded solely in necessary equivalence without collapsing the semantics of intentional contexts.
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Reasons For
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Reason for
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1.
If necessary equivalence fails to ground identity, some principled criterion must replace it—yet no uncontroversial alternative exists.
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2.
Intentional contexts may be opaque due to representational differences, not because identity requires something beyond necessary equivalence.
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3.
The collapse worry assumes semantics must preserve all epistemic or cognitive distinctions, but identity conditions needn't track these.
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Reasons Against
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Reason against
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1.
Necessarily equivalent propositions can differ in cognitive significance, as Frege's Morning Star/Evening Star example demonstrates.
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2.
Intentional contexts are transparent to substitution salva veritate only when propositions share identical content, not merely necessity.
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3.
Grounding identity in necessity alone conflates metaphysical equivalence with semantic identity, obscuring how minds individuate thoughts.
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