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Inverse View
It is not the case that Thomson and Nozick argue that risk imposition violates rights only when it crosses from statistical to identifiable harm, not by magnitude alone.
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Reasons For
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Reason for
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1.
A small statistical risk imposed on millions can create more expected harm than identifiable harms, making magnitude morally critical.
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2.
The distinction collapses: manufacturing identifiable harm often works through statistical mechanisms we simply can later identify.
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3.
Rights should protect interests against foreseeable harm regardless of whether victims are identifiable beforehand.
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Reasons Against
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Reason against
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1.
Rights violations require identifiable victims who can hold someone accountable, not abstract statistical increases in harm.
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2.
Statistical risks lack the direct causal connection and control needed to ground moral responsibility for harm.
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3.
Banning all magnitude-based risk would paralyze beneficial activities like medicine and transportation.
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