The first clause is to prevent self-causation. The import of the second condition is that entities similar to c must always exist with entities similar to e. There must be an invariable or constant conjunction between c-type entities and e-type entities. This rules out objects which just happen to be there, such as, to give the Naiyāyikas’ example, a donkey happening to wander past the pottery just as the potter goes to work. This feature of the account, the insistence that a causal relation ins