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It is not the case that Utilitarian frameworks can aggregate welfare across sentient non-human animals, already extending moral concern well beyond anthropocentric limits.
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Reasons For
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Reason for
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1.
Animal suffering is qualitatively different from human suffering due to human self-awareness, future planning, and social relationships utilitarians cannot measure.
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2.
Aggregating across species creates intractable comparison problems—we cannot reliably weigh chicken suffering against human suffering to guide policy.
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3.
Utilitarian aggregation can justify harming humans if total animal welfare gains exceed human losses, suggesting the framework needs non-utilitarian constraints.
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Reasons Against
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Reason against
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1.
Sentient animals demonstrably experience pain, fear, and suffering comparable to humans, creating prima facie moral reasons to count their welfare.
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2.
Utilitarianism's aggregative logic is neutral about species membership, so excluding animals requires arbitrary special pleading for humans.
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3.
Including animal welfare in moral calculations has already motivated welfare improvements (factory farming reforms, conservation), proving practical value.
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