When the analogical bridge rests on a merely nominal property, the inference to Q(T) commits the fallacy Hesse calls 'neutral analogy overreach' in her material inference framework.

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Analogical bridge(as what Nagel argues we lack between humans and other species): Using similarities between two things to transfer knowledge from one to the other—like understanding a bat's experience by comparing it to human experience.
Hesse(as a philosopher whose framework is being discussed): Mary B. Hesse was a 20th-century philosopher of science who developed rules for understanding when comparing two things can help us learn about a third thing—like using a familiar situation to understand an unfamiliar one.
Material inference framework(in philosophy of logic): A philosophical approach that looks at how reasoning actually works based on the content and meaning of statements, rather than just their logical form.
Neutral analogy overreach(in reasoning about analogies): When you stretch a comparison too far by relying on similarities that don't actually matter or aren't deeply related to what you're trying to prove.

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