Winckelmann and the Greek sculptural tradition demonstrate that bodily beauty itself—proportion, form, grace—can directly express ideal humanity without requiring a 'soul' behind it.

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Express(as a philosophical concept about meaning-making through art): In this context, it means to communicate or show something through physical form; the idea that a sculpture can convey an ideal or concept through its visible shape and appearance.
Greek sculptural tradition(as a cultural and artistic movement): The style and methods of making sculptures that developed in ancient Greece, known for creating idealized human forms that emphasized balance, proportion, and perfection rather than realistic detail.
Ideal humanity(as a philosophical concept about human essence): The concept of what it means to be perfectly or perfectly human—not realistic humans with flaws, but a vision of what humans could be at their best.
Proportion(as a component of visual beauty): The balanced relationship between different parts of something; in sculpture, it means how the size of the head, limbs, and torso relate to each other in a harmonious way.

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