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It is not the case that Wittgenstein's family resemblance framework shows that open-textured concepts can function reliably without necessary and sufficient conditions.
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1.
Open-textured concepts often create genuine disagreement about borderline cases, suggesting they lack the reliability Wittgenstein claims.
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2.
Reliability requires consistent application; family resemblance offers no principled way to adjudicate disputes about membership boundaries.
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3.
Some concepts (logical, mathematical, legal) require precise definitions for proper function, challenging the framework's universal scope.
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Reasons Against
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Reason against
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1.
Natural language categories like 'game' and 'sport' function effectively in communication despite lacking strict definitions.
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2.
Cognitive psychology shows humans categorize objects through prototype matching, not by checking necessary/sufficient conditions.
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3.
Family resemblance explains conceptual boundaries better than essentialism, since members share overlapping features, not one core property.
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