Wittgenstein's 'On Certainty' shows that hinge propositions like 'I have hands' are not subject to doubt within the language-game of empirical inquiry, making skeptical challenges category errors.
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Skeptical challenges(as the type of arguments Descartes studied)
Arguments that question whether we can really trust or know something—in this case, whether our senses actually show us what's real.
Wittgenstein
Ludwig Wittgenstein was an Austrian-British philosopher who fundamentally changed how people think about language and meaning in the 20th century. He argued that many philosophical problems arise from misunderstanding how words actually work in everyday life, rather than from deep metaphysical mysteries. His ideas influenced not just philosophy but also mathematics, logic, and even how people approach psychology and artificial intelligence today.
language-game(Wittgenstein's late philosophy; German term Sprachspiel)
A conception of linguistic meaning as dependent on the way words are used within particular situations or activities