Wittgenstein's 'On Certainty' shows that hinges like Q8 function as rules of evidence rather than propositions requiring prior justification, so they cannot constitute collateral information in Wright's sense.
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Ludwig Wittgenstein was an Austrian-British philosopher who fundamentally changed how people think about language and meaning in the 20th century. He argued that many philosophical problems arise from misunderstanding how words actually work in everyday life, rather than from deep metaphysical mysteries. His ideas influenced not just philosophy but also mathematics, logic, and even how people approach psychology and artificial intelligence today.
Wright
# Wright
"Wright" is most commonly a surname in English-speaking countries, meaning someone who makes or builds things (like a "wheelwright" who makes wheels). The most famous example is the Wright brothers—Orville and Wilbur Wright—American inventors who built and flew the first successful airplane in 1903, fundamentally changing transportation and human history. They matter because their achievement launched the aviation industry and proved that powered, controlled flight was possible.
hinges(Wittgenstein's epistemology; from On Certainty)
Fundamental principles so basic that they do not require argumentative support and instead serve as the fixed points on which inquiry and reasoning turn.
justification(Third condition of the tripartite account of knowledge)
The condition on a knower's belief that excludes mere luck — the belief must be held in a way that is appropriate or warranted, not merely accidentally correct.