- Causal theory of perception(as used in philosophy of perception)
- The idea that we perceive the world because objects cause physical effects on our senses, which our brains then interpret as experiences.
- Grice(as a philosopher who developed the theory being discussed)
- Paul Grice was a 20th-century philosopher who studied how we communicate meaning through language, especially the difference between what words literally say and what speakers actually mean by them.
- Object of perception(as used in epistemology)
- The actual thing you're perceiving—for example, if you see a tree, the tree is the object of perception, not the light rays bouncing off it.
- Perceptual difficulty(as used in epistemology)
- A problem or obstacle that makes it hard for you to perceive (see, hear, etc.) something clearly.
- Veridical object(as used in perception theory)
- The real, actual thing you're perceiving—the thing that truly exists and causes your perception, as opposed to illusions or mistakes.
- causal chain(Avicenna's cosmological argument in Ilāhiyyāt VIII)
- An ordered series of causes within a given causal type (formal, material, efficient, or final) that Avicenna argues must terminate in a First Cause
- causal intermediary(example: tar in the lungs as intermediary between smoking and lung cancer)
- A factor D that lies on the causal path between C and E, such that C causes E via D