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    A human being has at least one substantial form rooted in... — Carmelics
    Home/Personal Identity
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    Supports→Humans either have several souls, or one substantially composite soul whose parts are 'incomplete' substances that combine to form one 'perfected' soul.

    A human being has at least one substantial form rooted in matter and another substantial form that comes from an external source.

    Consciousness & MindPersonal Identity
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    1 reason for
    2 reasons against

    Reasons For

    1 perspective
    Reason for
    ?
    • 1.Non-rational capacities arise from the matter of the thing.
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    • 2.Rational capacities must come from some external source.
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    Reasons Against

    2 perspectives
    Reason against 1 of 2
    ?
    • 1.A single substantial form can ground all capacities of a being, both sensitive and rational, without requiring ontological plurality.
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    • 2.Thomas Aquinas argued that admitting multiple substantial forms destroys the per se unity of the human composite, reducing it to an accidental aggregate.
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    • 3.If rational capacity requires an external substantial form, the resulting entity is two substances joined accidentally, not one human being.
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    Reason against 2 of 2
    ?
    • 1.The origin of a capacity outside matter does not entail that it constitutes a distinct substantial form rather than a distinct faculty within one form.
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    • 2.Averroes and later Pomponazzi demonstrated that the intellect's immateriality can be explained through its functional role without positing a numerically separate substantial principle in the individual.
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    Topics

    Personal IdentityConsciousness & Mind

    Connections

    1 topic

    Natural Theology2 linked

    Related

    A single substantial form can ground all capacities of a being, both sensitive a...Averroes and later Pomponazzi demonstrated that the intellect's immateriality ca...If rational capacity requires an external substantial form, the resulting entity...Non-rational capacities arise from the matter of the thing.
    +3 moreShow less
    Rational capacities must come from some external source.The origin of a capacity outside matter does not entail that it constitutes a di...Thomas Aquinas argued that admitting multiple substantial forms destroys the per...

    Source

    AI-extracted1/3 agreementValid
    SEP: mereology-medieval
    View source passageHide passage
    Further reflection, however, shows us that a soul (and especially a human soul) is a complicated thing. It has a variety of capacities, which seem to be really distinct from one another and possibly from the soul itself. Some of these capacities even seem to be contrary to one another. For example, a soul seems to be capable of psychic conflict. There is a lot of pressure then put on this putatively simple, yet obviously complicated thing, and therefore it is hardly surprising that there is a ro
    Extraction notes

    Validity: Extracted via Max plan + API grounding/validity checks

    Details

    Type
    claim
    Perspectives
    3 (1 for, 2 against)
    Edits
    1 edit