A moral code adequate only for beings immune to bias, weakness of will, and cognitive limitation fails the action-guidance condition under non-ideal theory as articulated by Rawls and Farrelly.
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Philosophical thinking about how to handle real-world problems and injustices that actually exist, where people break rules and conditions are messy and imperfect.
Rawls(as the philosopher whose ideas are being referenced)
John Rawls, a 20th-century philosopher famous for developing theories about justice and fairness in society.
bias(bias-variance decomposition)
A measure of how far an estimator's expected prediction is from the true target value; large bias indicates systematic error.
weakness of will(Aristotelian virtue ethics as applied by Crummell)
A condition in which an agent requires effortful reason to act morally, indicating that the habits of virtue are not yet fully formed