- More fundamental(in philosophy)
- More basic or more basic-level in explanation; if X explains Y, then X is more fundamental than Y because it's the deeper reason why Y is true.
- Motivations(in ethics)
- The reasons or desires that drive a person to act in a certain way; what makes someone want to do something.
- Normative properties(in ethics)
- Qualities that tell us what we should do or what makes something good or bad—basically, the evaluative aspects of something rather than just describing how it is.
- Virtue ethics(in philosophy)
- An approach to ethics focused on developing good character traits (virtues like courage or honesty) rather than following rules or calculating outcomes.
- agent-based virtue ethics(Distinguished from other virtue ethical theories that ground normative properties in outcomes or flourishing)
- A form of virtue ethics in which the normative properties of motivations and dispositions are not explained by reference to anything more fundamental (e.g., eudaimonia or states of affairs); what one should do is explained solely by reference to the motivational and dispositional states of agents.
- dispositions(Used broadly by educational researchers)
- The habits of mind and attitudes that contribute causally to being a critical thinker.
- eudaimonia(Aristotle's ethical theory; the broadest sense of the good life)
- Often translated as 'happiness'; for Aristotle, consists in being a virtuous person over a complete life, requiring both virtuous qualities/dispositions and acting on them
- states of affairs(Stumpf's terminology in his contribution to logic)
- The specific content of judgment (belief)