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It is not the case that Any thing other than God that is called 'one' can be one only through participation in a unity extrinsic to it
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Reasons For
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Reason for 1 of 2
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1.
Aristotle's hylomorphic theory holds that composite substances are unified per se through form, not by participating in an external unity.
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2.
If substantial form confers unity intrinsically upon a composite, then creatures need not receive unity from something extrinsic to their own natures.
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3.
Avicenna's distinction between necessary and contingent existence already accounts for creaturely dependence without requiring that their unity specifically be extrinsic.
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Reason for 2 of 2
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1.
Spinoza's substance monism entails that finite modes possess intrinsic unity as determinate expressions of the one infinite substance.
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2.
If creaturely unity is simply a modal expression of divine unity rather than an extrinsic participation in it, the claim conflates ontological dependence with extrinsic derivation.
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Reasons Against
1 perspective
Reason against
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1.
Any thing other than God that is called 'one' is one only accidentally, not essentially
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2.
Whatever is one only accidentally must derive its unity from something external to it
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