Skip to content
Carmelics
TopicsThinkersChangesContributorsLoading account…

    Carmelics

    A reasoning platform. Break down any belief into clear reasons, explore both sides, and weigh the evidence honestly.

    Navigate

    • Topics
    • Search
    • Recent Changes
    • Contribute
    • How It Works
    • Glossary
    • Thinkers
    • Contributors
    • About
    • Statistics
    • Terms
    • Privacy

    Database

    Statements
    —
    Perspectives
    —
    Topics
    —

    Press ? for keyboard shortcuts

    LoyalLoyalJusticeJustice
    Made withinDC&Austin
    Statements
    321,452
    Perspectives
    108,905
    Topics
    42
    Home/Original/inverse
    See Original
    Inverse View

    It is not the case that Aquinas and Molina held that God knows future contingents through middle knowledge or eternal present, not through temporal foreknowledge.

    ?Set your confidence on the premises below to see your aggregate.

    Reasons For

    1 perspective
    Reason for
    ?
    • 1.Middle knowledge requires God to know what free creatures would do in infinite counterfactual situations, raising metaphysical puzzles about the grounding of such truths.
      ?

      Think about whether this reason is strong or weak

    • 2.The claim that God knows an 'eternal present' is obscure—it's unclear how a tenseless present preserves real knowledge of genuinely contingent futures.
      ?

      Think about whether this reason is strong or weak

    • 3.Simple foreknowledge of what will happen is more metaphysically parsimonious than positing middle knowledge as an additional divine mode of knowing.
      ?

      Think about whether this reason is strong or weak

    Reasons Against

    1 perspective
    Reason against
    ?
    • 1.God's knowledge must be eternal and non-temporal to avoid divine dependence on created events.
      ?

      Think about whether this reason is strong or weak

    • 2.Middle knowledge allows God to know counterfactuals about free creatures without determining their choices.
      ?

      Think about whether this reason is strong or weak

    • 3.Temporal foreknowledge logically entails that future events are already actual, undermining libertarian freedom.
      ?

      Think about whether this reason is strong or weak

    Next step

    Based on where you are in your exploration

    Strongest counterpoint
    Explore the most compelling reason on the other side.