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    Bodily feelings can themselves carry intentional content ... — Carmelics
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    Challenges→Emotions must be cognitive evaluations of some kind rather than mere feelings

    Bodily feelings can themselves carry intentional content without involving cognitive evaluation, as Prinz argues via 'embodied appraisals'.

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    Reasons For

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    Reason for
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    • 1.Pre-cognitive bodily responses (e.g., gut tightening at threat) demonstrate content about danger before conscious evaluation occurs.
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    • 2.Evolution selected for rapid bodily appraisals that bypass reasoning, suggesting intentionality doesn't require cognitive processing.
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    • 3.Patients with cognitive impairments retain emotional bodily responses, indicating intentional content can exist independently of cognition.
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    Reasons Against

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    • 1.Bodily feelings lack the structured propositional form ('about X as Y') that genuine intentionality requires; they're mere causally-triggered states.
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    • 2.What appears to be direct bodily intentionality actually depends on learned associations and background cognitive frameworks built over time.
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    • 3.The intentional content we attribute to bodily feelings is retroactively imposed by cognitive interpretation, not intrinsic to the sensation itself.
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    Consciousness & Mind1 linkedPerception1 linked

    Related

    Bodily feelings lack the structured propositional form ('about X as Y') that gen...Emotions must be cognitive evaluations of some kind rather than mere feelingsEvolution selected for rapid bodily appraisals that bypass reasoning, suggesting...Patients with cognitive impairments retain emotional bodily responses, indicatin...
    +3 moreShow less
    Pre-cognitive bodily responses (e.g., gut tightening at threat) demonstrate cont...The intentional content we attribute to bodily feelings is retroactively imposed...What appears to be direct bodily intentionality actually depends on learned asso...

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