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    Carnap's inductive logic programs showed that formalizing... — Carmelics
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    Challenges→Analogical reasoning can provide inductive support within Bayesian epistemology without incurring the logical difficulties of ampliative rules

    Carnap's inductive logic programs showed that formalizing similarity-based priors inevitably embeds substantive metaphysical assumptions about natural kinds.

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    Reasons For

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    • 1.Any similarity metric requires choosing which features matter, presupposing divisions among natural kinds that aren't theory-neutral.
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    • 2.Carnap's own work on λ-continuum showed that different formalization choices yield incompatible inductive conclusions from identical data.
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    • 3.Similarity-based priors cannot be derived from logic alone; they smuggle in empirical assumptions about what patterns nature exhibits.
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    Reasons Against

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    • 1.All inductive systems embed assumptions; this doesn't prove Carnap's programs failed, only that induction requires framework choices.
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    • 2.Formalization can make metaphysical commitments *explicit and examinable*, reducing rather than hiding hidden assumptions compared to informal reasoning.
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    • 3.Carnap pursued multiple formalisms precisely to separate logical structure from empirical content, suggesting he recognized but didn't see this as fatal.
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    Related

    All inductive systems embed assumptions; this doesn't prove Carnap's programs fa...Analogical reasoning can provide inductive support within Bayesian epistemology ...Any similarity metric requires choosing which features matter, presupposing divi...Carnap pursued multiple formalisms precisely to separate logical structure from ...
    +3 moreShow less
    Carnap's own work on λ-continuum showed that different formalization choices yie...Formalization can make metaphysical commitments *explicit and examinable*, reduc...Similarity-based priors cannot be derived from logic alone; they smuggle in empi...

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