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    Certainty equal to first principles requires indubitabili... — Carmelics
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    Challenges→Many of our own acts are known with certainty equal to first principles

    Certainty equal to first principles requires indubitability, but acts of willing or perceiving can be doubted under Cartesian dream and demon scenarios without contradiction.

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    1 reason for
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    Reasons For

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    Reason for
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    • 1.Descartes' cogito survives doubt because the act of thinking itself cannot be coherently denied without self-refutation.
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    • 2.Perceptions and willings are representational states that could misrepresent their objects, making them conceptually separable from reality.
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    • 3.First principles must be self-evident and foundational; only thoughts that require their own existence to be doubted qualify.
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    Reasons Against

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    • 1.The content of thoughts and perceptions is inseparable from their occurrence; doubting their accuracy doesn't establish indubitability.
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    • 2.If willing and perceiving can be doubted without contradiction, they fail the criterion for certainty equal to first principles by definition.
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    • 3.The claim conflates logical possibility of error with actual indu­bitability—thoughts are doubtable, so they lack first-principle status.
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    Related

    Descartes' cogito survives doubt because the act of thinking itself cannot be co...First principles must be self-evident and foundational; only thoughts that requi...If willing and perceiving can be doubted without contradiction, they fail the cr...Many of our own acts are known with certainty equal to first principles
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    Perceptions and willings are representational states that could misrepresent the...The claim conflates logical possibility of error with actual indu­bitability—tho...The content of thoughts and perceptions is inseparable from their occurrence; do...

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    claim
    Perspectives
    2 (1 for, 1 against)
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