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Inverse View
It is not the case that Cognition can arise from internal mental representations (vijñaptis) without any external object causing them, as Vasubandhu argues in the Viṃśatikā.
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Reasons For
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Reason for
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1.
Dreams differ from waking cognition; representing them equally undermines empirical knowledge's reliability.
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2.
Internal representations require prior causal contact with external objects to develop meaningful content.
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3.
Vijñaptimātratā cannot explain inter-subjective agreement or causal constraints on perception without external reality.
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Reasons Against
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Reason against
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1.
Dreams and hallucinations demonstrate cognition occurring without external objects, supporting representationalism.
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2.
Mental representations can be causally sufficient for experience; external objects are epistemically inaccessible anyway.
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3.
Vasubandhu's idealism coherently explains why all experience is phenomenologically structured by mind.
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