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    Compatibilists like Alvin Plantinga and William Hasker ha... — Carmelics
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    Challenges→The compatibilist about infallible foreknowledge and free will must find a false premise in the argument for theological fatalism.

    Compatibilists like Alvin Plantinga and William Hasker have argued the fatalist argument commits a modal fallacy by conflating necessity of the consequence with necessity of the consequent.

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    Key Terms

    Alvin Plantinga(as the originator of the Evolutionary Argument Against Naturalism)
    A contemporary American philosopher known for arguing that belief in God is rational without needing scientific proof, and for challenging the idea that evolution supports atheism.
    Compatibilists(as used in philosophy of free will)
    Philosophers who believe that free will and determinism (the idea that everything is predetermined) can both be true at the same time, rather than being opposites.
    Necessity of the consequent(as the second type of necessity being conflated)
    Whether the thing that results must itself be unavoidable or predetermined, independent of any argument.
    William Hasker(as the originator of the 'no-freeze' objection)
    A contemporary American philosopher who specializes in philosophy of religion and metaphysics, known for developing arguments about how God can know future events without controlling them.

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    fatalism(Presented as a consequence allegedly entailed by backward causation.)
    The view that all events are fixed in advance and inevitable, such that agents cannot do otherwise than they do.
    modal(in logic and metaphysics)
    Dealing with possibility and necessity—questions about what could be true, what must be true, and what's merely contingent (could go either way).
    modal fallacy(Epistemology and modal logic)
    An invalid inference resulting from illicit substitution of a non-rigid designator into a modal context, producing a false conclusion from true premises
    necessity of the consequence(modal logic, distinguished from 'necessity of the consequent')
    The entire conditional (p→q) falling under the scope of the necessity operator, expressed as □(p→q)

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    The compatibilist about infallible foreknowledge and free will must find a false...

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