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    Disjunctivists like McDowell and Hinton argue that veridi... — Carmelics
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    Challenges→Perceptual appearances must be entirely mental and internal, rather than relational

    Disjunctivists like McDowell and Hinton argue that veridical perception and dreams are fundamentally different kinds of states sharing only a subjective character, leaving relational accounts of genuine perception intact.

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    Reasons For

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    Reason for
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    • 1.Veridical perception presents mind-independent objects directly; dreams present only mental content. These are fundamentally distinct relational states.
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    • 2.If perception and dreams shared the same kind of state, skepticism about the external world would be irrefutable, making empirical knowledge impossible.
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    • 3.Disjunctivism preserves realism about perception without requiring problematic sense-datum intermediaries between mind and world.
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    Reasons Against

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    • 1.If veridical perception and hallucination differ in kind, not degree, disjunctivism cannot explain why they're subjectively indistinguishable to the subject.
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    • 2.Disjunctivism implies perception and hallucination have no common cognitive mechanism, making learning from both states metaphysically mysterious.
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    • 3.The relational account fails for cases of perceptual illusion (bent stick in water) where perception relates to objects but misrepresents their properties.
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    Key Terms

    Hinton(philosopher's name)
    J.M. Hinton was a philosopher who developed early arguments for disjunctivism, proposing that genuine perception and hallucination are fundamentally different kinds of states.
    McDowell(referring to the philosopher's position on perception)
    John McDowell is a contemporary philosopher who writes about how we perceive and understand the world through our senses and thoughts.
    Relational accounts(theory of perception)
    Explanations of perception that say seeing something requires a real relationship between you and the actual object in front of you—you can't 'see' something that isn't really there.
    Subjective character(philosophy of mind)
    The way an experience feels from the inside from your personal perspective—what it's like to see red, or feel pain, even if that feeling doesn't match reality.
    Veridical perception(contrasted with hallucination in the statement)
    Perception that accurately represents reality—when you see something and it's actually there and actually looks like that.
    disjunctivism(Used by naive realists to respond to the argument from hallucination)
    The claim that causally matching veridical and hallucinatory experiences are fundamentally different in kind

    Connections

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    Perception1 linked

    Related

    Disjunctivism implies perception and hallucination have no common cognitive mech...Disjunctivism preserves realism about perception without requiring problematic s...If perception and dreams shared the same kind of state, skepticism about the ext...If veridical perception and hallucination differ in kind, not degree, disjunctiv...

    Details

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    claim
    Perspectives
    2 (1 for, 1 against)
    Edits
    1 edit
    +3 moreShow less
    Perceptual appearances must be entirely mental and internal, rather than relatio...The relational account fails for cases of perceptual illusion (bent stick in wat...Veridical perception presents mind-independent objects directly; dreams present ...