The topics that have been discussed thus far are all considered by Ibn Daud to be necessary steps towards the solution of the problem of the freedom of the human will. Towards the end of the book, he finally addresses the issue within the context of a cluster of related problems, such as God’s knowledge, the nature of evil, causality and providence. Ibn Daud’s theory of physical evil is to a large extent based on Ibn Sina’s approach. It is impossible that God should be the agent of evil. The evi