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    Carmelics

    A reasoning platform. Break down any belief into clear reasons, explore both sides, and weigh the evidence honestly.

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    LoyalLoyalJusticeJustice
    Made withinDC&Austin
    Statements
    321,452
    Perspectives
    108,905
    Topics
    42
    Home/Original/inverse
    See Original
    Inverse View

    It is not the case that External objects are present to the mind only by means of internal mental appearances that serve as proxies for them

    ?Set your confidence on the premises below to see your aggregate.

    Reasons For

    2 perspectives
    Reason for 1 of 2
    ?
    • 1.Perception is a direct causal relation between mind and world, not mediated by inner proxies (Gibson's ecological realism, Putnam's direct realism).
      ?

      Think about whether this reason is strong or weak

    • 2.Positing mental intermediaries generates an explanatory regress: proxies themselves require perception, undermining the account's foundations.
      ?

      Think about whether this reason is strong or weak

    Reason for 2 of 2
    ?
    • 1.The content of perceptual experience is partly constituted by its external objects, not internal surrogates (McDowell's disjunctivism, Snowdon 1981).
      ?

      Think about whether this reason is strong or weak

    • 2.If veridical and hallucinatory experiences share only a highest common factor, the special epistemic force of genuine perception is lost, not preserved.
      ?

      Think about whether this reason is strong or weak

    Reasons Against

    1 perspective
    Reason against
    ?
    • 1.Perceptual appearances are entirely mental and internal rather than relational
      ?

      Think about whether this reason is strong or weak

    • 2.Some cognitive access to external objects is nonetheless achieved through perception
      ?

      Think about whether this reason is strong or weak

    Next step

    Based on where you are in your exploration

    Strongest counterpoint
    Explore the most compelling reason on the other side.