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It is not the case that Favoring a non-disabled individual B over a disabled individual A is arbitrary and unfair when the quality-of-life gap between them is minimal
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Reasons For
2 perspectives
Reason for 1 of 2
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1.
Resource allocation must consider aggregate welfare across populations, not just pairwise comparisons between individuals.
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2.
A policy permitting 'minimal gap' exceptions systematically undermines consistent, scalable rationing frameworks like QALYs.
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3.
Norman Daniels argues just health systems require fair procedures, not case-by-case deviation based on contested gap assessments.
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Reason for 2 of 2
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1.
Elizabeth Anderson's relational egalitarianism holds that equality concerns social standing, not equalizing welfare outcomes between individuals.
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2.
Preferring B over A based on projected quality-of-life gaps, however minimal, still treats disability as a welfare-relevant criterion rather than a morally irrelevant trait.
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3.
The claim assumes a cardinal, interpersonally comparable welfare scale that most anti-welfarist philosophers, including Sen and Nussbaum, reject as ethically inappropriate for allocation.
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Reasons Against
1 perspective
Reason against
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1.
When the difference in quality of life between A and B after treatment is minimal, there is no substantial utilitarian justification for preferring B
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2.
Arbitrary distinctions in resource allocation are unfair
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