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    Good reasons, as Scanlon argues in 'Being Realistic About... — Carmelics
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    Supports→Psychologism about motivating reasons entails that we can never act for a good reason.

    Good reasons, as Scanlon argues in 'Being Realistic About Reasons', must be grounded in facts about the world that obtain independently of whether any agent has a relevant attitude.

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    Key Terms

    Being Realistic About Reasons(as a specific philosophical work)
    The title of one of Scanlon's essays where he argues that our reasons for doing things should be based on what's actually true about the world, not just on what we wish were true.
    Obtain independently(the distinction between immediate and mediated generation might be real in the world even if we can't prove it)
    Exist or be true on their own, without depending on anything else (like our knowledge or beliefs).
    Scanlon
    # Scanlon Tim Scanlon is an influential American philosopher known for developing a theory of ethics based on the idea that actions are right if they could be justified to others through principles everyone could reasonably accept. Rather than focusing on happiness or duty, his approach emphasizes what we can defend to each other as fair-minded people, making morality fundamentally about mutual respect and agreement. He's considered one of the most important moral philosophers of our time because his ideas have reshaped how philosophers think about fairness, responsibility, and what we owe to one another.
    agent

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    (Economics terminology applied to medical ethics)
    The party in a principal-agent relationship who is instructed to produce the good or service on the principal's behalf — in the medical context, the doctor
    facts about the world(as foundational truths)
    Things that are actually true in reality—like 'fire is hot' or 'water is wet'—as opposed to things that are just matters of opinion or personal preference.
    grounded in(whether distinctness or identity is explained by intrinsic features)
    To be explained by or to have its reason or basis in something else—like how a tree being wet is grounded in (explained by) recent rain.
    relevant attitude(as used in metaethics (the study of what morality is))
    A personal feeling, belief, or preference that someone has; the point here is that true reasons shouldn't depend on whether you happen to like or want something.

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    Truth & Knowledge1 linkedMoral Responsibility1 linked

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