Ibn Daud's purely negative inference from incomparability of essence to incomparability of unity commits a non sequitur, since formal properties can be shared across ontologically distinct beings.

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Formal properties(as what the passage argues can be shared across different beings): Characteristics or qualities that belong to something based on its structure or logical form, rather than its physical or material nature.
Ibn Daud(as a philosopher whose position Aristotle's argument challenges): A medieval Islamic philosopher (1110-1180) who tried to combine Aristotle's ideas with religious belief. He believed the future is predetermined by God.
Incomparability of essence(as what Ibn Daud argues about God): The idea that God's fundamental nature or being is so utterly unlike anything else that it cannot be compared or measured against created things.
Incomparability of unity(as the conclusion Ibn Daud supposedly draws): The idea that God's oneness or absolute singularity is completely unlike the way other things can be unified or single.

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