If an agent's cognitive model of the game omits strategies that would dominate their chosen action, the dominated strategy is rational relative to the agent's actual epistemic situation.

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Cognitive model(describes what the agent believes about the game): The mental picture or understanding someone has about how something works—in this case, how the game functions and what choices are available.
Dominate (or dominating strategy)(the core concept explaining why a strategy choice seems irrational): In game theory, a strategy that is better than another strategy no matter what your opponent does—so it should always be chosen if you know about it.
Epistemic: "Epistemic" relates to knowledge—how we know things, what counts as knowledge, and whether we can trust what we believe to be true. It comes from the Greek word for knowledge and is used to describe questions about the reliability and validity of our beliefs and understanding. For example, "epistemic humility" means acknowledging the limits of what you can actually know for certain.
Epistemic situation(epistemology): The facts about what someone knows or believes, and the circumstances around that knowledge—basically, everything relevant to whether a person actually knows something.

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