If arbitrary birth into a wealthy political community triggers stronger egalitarian claims than birth into poverty outside it, the framework privileges morally irrelevant luck over the equal dignity grounding justice itself.

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Justice(Utilitarian account of justice; contrasted with non-utility-based theories): A name for certain classes of moral rules which concern the essentials of human well-being more nearly than other rules for the guidance of life, carrying more absolute obligation.
Morally irrelevant(describing why similarity shouldn't affect empathy): Not important or not mattering when making ethical judgments about what's right or wrong.
egalitarian claims(political philosophy and ethics): Arguments or demands based on the idea that all people deserve equal treatment and fair access to resources, opportunities, and rights.
equal dignity(Cohen's substantive conception of equality, invoked to supplement the Aristotelian principle in arguments against racial preferences): All members of humankind are equally ends in themselves and therefore entitled to equal respect from the community and its laws

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