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    Carmelics

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    If God possesses middle knowledge, he can actualize circu... — Carmelics
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    Challenges→If a person freely acts wrongly in a given set of circumstances, it was not within God's power to induce that person to have freely acted otherwise in the exact same circumstances.

    If God possesses middle knowledge, he can actualize circumstances in which a person freely chooses rightly without causally determining that choice.

    ?Rate how convincing each reason is below to see the overall strength.
    1 reason for
    1 reason against

    Reasons For

    1 perspective
    Reason for
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    • 1.Middle knowledge allows God to know all counterfactuals of creaturely freedom before creation without determining outcomes.
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    • 2.God can select from possible worlds where agents freely choose rightly, actualizing one without causally forcing that choice.
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    • 3.This preserves both divine omniscience and human libertarian freedom—resolving the traditional theological dilemma.
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    Reasons Against

    1 perspective
    Reason against
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    • 1.If God knows in advance which choice an agent will freely make, that choice appears determined by God's prior knowledge.
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    • 2.Counterfactuals of creaturely freedom may lack determinate truth values independent of God's will, undermining middle knowledge.
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    • 3.Actualizing a specific world where someone freely chooses rightly still appears to causally constrain that person's options.
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    Key Terms

    knowledge(Distinguished from mere true belief, which may be the product of indoctrination and need not exercise deliberative capacities.)
    Justified true belief — true belief that has been arrived at through the exercise of deliberative capacities, including comparison of and deliberation among alternatives.

    Connections

    2 topics

    Eternal Conscious Torment1 linkedAfterlife & Death1 linked

    Related

    Actualizing a specific world where someone freely chooses rightly still appears ...Counterfactuals of creaturely freedom may lack determinate truth values independ...God can select from possible worlds where agents freely choose rightly, actualiz...If God knows in advance which choice an agent will freely make, that choice appe...
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    If a person freely acts wrongly in a given set of circumstances, it was not with...Middle knowledge allows God to know all counterfactuals of creaturely freedom be...

    Details

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    claim
    Perspectives
    2 (1 for, 1 against)
    Edits
    1 edit
    This preserves both divine omniscience and human libertarian freedom—resolving t...