If 'homo', 'humanitas', and 'hominem esse' signify the same extra-mental universal, their logical and grammatical divergences cannot be explained by the object signified but only by semantic structure.
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Differences in how terms function in reasoning (logic) and in language structure (grammar)—like how the same idea can be expressed as a noun, verb, or adjective.
object signified(as a concept in meaning and reference)
The actual thing in reality that a word points to or represents—for example, the word 'dog' signifies actual dogs in the world.
semantic structure(as the level at which kinds are being represented)
The way meaning is organized and represented in language—basically, how the system of language carries meaning.
universal(Argument for the generality of Turing machines)
A computing system capable of simulating any other computing system of the same or lesser power; used here to describe Turing machines as the most general model of computation.