If 'independent' in the causal theory's conclusion requires scheme-transcendent reference, no transcendental argument—including Stroud's—can supply the verification conditions for that claim.

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Scheme-transcendent reference(epistemology/metaphysics): The idea that something can refer to or represent reality in a way that goes beyond our particular way of thinking about or organizing the world.
Stroud(referring to a specific philosopher's argument): Barry Stroud is a philosopher who has written about knowledge and skepticism—he questions whether we can really know things about the world, and his work often focuses on the limits of human understanding.
Verification conditions(as used in epistemology): The specific steps or evidence you would need to check in order to prove whether a claim is true or false.
causal theory(what Stroud's argument attempts to establish): A theory about how we know things: the idea that we gain knowledge about the world because objects cause effects on our senses (like light bouncing off a apple into your eyes).

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