- Incoherent(describing whether moral responsibility can exist)
- Logically impossible or contradictory; something that cannot make sense or cannot exist at the same time as something else.
- Intrinsic existence(as what Nāgārjuna rejects)
- The idea that something has a fixed, independent nature or essence that makes it what it is, completely on its own without depending on anything else.
- Perfect nature(as applied to consciousness in this argument)
- A quality or characteristic that is complete, flawless, and needs nothing else to explain or define it.
- Prāsaṅgika Mādhyamika(as the philosophical tradition making the refutation)
- A school of Buddhist philosophy that argues nothing has independent, self-contained existence—everything depends on other things and our way of thinking about it.
- Systematically refute(as the method Prāsaṅgika Mādhyamikas use against intrinsic existence)
- To carefully and thoroughly disprove something using step-by-step logical reasoning rather than dismissing it casually.
- consciousness(Philosophy of mind; framing the 'What is consciousness?' question)
- A dynamic process characterized by self-transforming flow, intentional coherence, and semantic self-understanding, rather than a static or momentary state.
- ultimate truth(Candrakīrti's Mādhyamika framework distinguishing two levels of truth)
- Truth concerning the highest goal; specifically, that phenomena do not come into being.