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    If prophecy is constitutive rather than merely descriptiv... — Carmelics
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    Challenges→If Peter had freely chosen not to deny Jesus, then Jesus would never have prophesied that Peter would deny him.

    If prophecy is constitutive rather than merely descriptive, then the counterfactual 'Peter would not deny' cannot coherently subtract the prophecy while preserving Peter's free choice as the sole variable.

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    Key Terms

    Cohere/coherently(as used to describe whether an argument works without logical problems)
    To fit together logically without contradiction; to make sense when considered as a whole.
    Free choice (or free will)(as the central question being debated in this statement)
    The ability to make decisions based on your own desires and reasoning, rather than being forced or predetermined.
    Prophecy(Kaspi's view)
    A form of knowledge of the future based on deductive inference grounded in acquaintance with the world and natural causality, rather than a super-rational phenomenon
    Variable(as used in logic and causation)
    Something that can change or have different values—like temperature, height, or whether a light is on or off.
    constitutive

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    (an alternative type of relationship the grounding relation might be)
    Describes how something is made up of or formed from basic components that define its essential nature.
    counterfactual(Modal logic and epistemology)
    A conditional statement concerning what would be the case if some antecedent condition were true, evaluated across possible worlds; contraposition does not hold in general for counterfactuals.
    descriptive(describing the other type of vocabulary being compared)
    Language or claims about how things *actually are* in reality—just the facts without judgments about whether they're good or bad.

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    Free Will & Foreknowledge1 linked

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    If Peter had freely chosen not to deny Jesus, then Jesus would never have prophe...

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