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    If scientific 'truths' rest on unjustified hinges (e.g., ... — Carmelics
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    Challenges→Truths of faith and scientific truths are epistemologically distinct for the believing scientist

    If scientific 'truths' rest on unjustified hinges (e.g., uniformity of nature) that are no more epistemically grounded than articles of faith, the distinction between conditional and unconditional acceptance is a difference of content, not epistemic kind.

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    Key Terms

    Epistemically grounded(what a qualified endorsement cannot be without solving a deeper problem)
    Justified or supported by genuine knowledge and reliable reasoning, rather than just opinion or assumption.
    articles of faith(as used in epistemology)
    Beliefs accepted because of trust or conviction rather than proof or evidence—statements of faith that can't be scientifically proven.
    conditional acceptance(as used in epistemology)
    Believing something only under certain conditions or with reservations, rather than as absolutely true.
    epistemic kind(as used in epistemology)
    A fundamental category or type of belief based on how we know it or what justifies it (like knowledge vs. opinion).
    epistemology(Contrasted with purely descriptive scientific inquiry)

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    A normative enterprise that tells us how we ought to reason from evidence and how we ought to justify our beliefs, as distinct from merely describing how we do reason or justify beliefs
    hinges(Wittgenstein's epistemology; from On Certainty)
    Fundamental principles so basic that they do not require argumentative support and instead serve as the fixed points on which inquiry and reasoning turn.
    unconditional acceptance(as used in epistemology)
    Believing something completely and absolutely, without any doubts, conditions, or reservations.
    uniformity of nature(Central presupposition in Hume's problem of induction)
    The assumption that the future will resemble the past — i.e., that natural regularities observed historically will continue to hold — which is presupposed in all inductive knowledge but cannot be rationally grounded without circularity

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    Truth & Knowledge1 linkedReligious Experience1 linked

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    Truths of faith and scientific truths are epistemologically distinct for the bel...

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