- Logical structure(as used in logic)
- The underlying pattern of how an argument is organized—which statements connect to which, and how they're supposed to support each other.
- Stoics
- The Stoics were ancient Greek and Roman philosophers who believed that living a good life meant accepting what you cannot control and focusing your effort on what you can—mainly your own thoughts, choices, and character. They taught that virtue (being a good person) is the highest good, and that emotional distress comes from wanting things to be different than they are. Famous Stoics like Marcus Aurelius and Epictetus influenced Western thinking about resilience, ethics, and inner peace for over 2,000 years.
- disqualifies(as the logical consequence being discussed)
- Rules something out or makes it ineligible; in this case, suggesting that if something can be misused, it doesn't count as a genuine good thing.
- genuine goods(as what health and wealth are claimed to be)
- Things that are truly valuable or beneficial—worth wanting for their own sake, not just as a means to something else.
- reductio(as used in logic)
- Short for 'reductio ad absurdum'—a way of proving something is wrong by showing that believing it leads to ridiculous or impossible conclusions.
- virtues(Core concept of virtue ethics)
- Excellent traits of character, such as kindness, honesty, sincerity, and justice, that virtue ethics uses to assess the ethical quality of actions and agents