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    If the truth-maker for a present belief about my future a... — Carmelics
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    Challenges→The determinacy of the future does not exclude people from having free will.

    If the truth-maker for a present belief about my future act is the act itself, then God's present foreknowledge is constitutively dependent on my act, undermining divine aseity and omniscience as traditionally conceived.

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    Key Terms

    Constitutively dependent(metaphysics)
    When something's very nature or existence depends on something else. Here, it means God's knowledge would literally be made by or built from your actions, rather than existing independently.
    Divine aseity(philosophy of religion/theology)
    The idea that God is completely self-sufficient and independent—God doesn't need anything outside of God to exist or be God. 'Aseity' comes from Latin meaning 'from oneself.'
    Foreknowledge(Boethius's distinction between knowing and foreknowing)
    Knowledge of future events prior to their occurrence, distinguished from mere knowledge in that it implies temporal priority and thus raises the question of whether the future is already fixed
    knowledge(Distinguished from mere true belief, which may be the product of indoctrination and need not exercise deliberative capacities.)
    Justified true belief — true belief that has been arrived at through the exercise of deliberative capacities, including comparison of and deliberation among alternatives.

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    omniscience(The passage tests omniscience against mathematical undecidability)
    The property of knowing everything; used here to probe whether divine knowledge extends to undecided mathematical propositions.
    truth-maker(Contemporary metaphysics; used to articulate Leibniz's premise that all truths require an ontological ground)
    Something distinct from a truth in virtue of which that truth is true

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    The determinacy of the future does not exclude people from having free will.

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